Ancient Civilization Persian Gulf

Religious Patterns of Early Civilizations: Mesopotamia and Predynastic Egypt

 

The earliest civilizations of Mesopotamia and Predynastic Egypt developed from regional religious patterns into complex social systems of centralized control in the late fourth fifth millennia BC. The civilized life emerged first in Mesopotamia, known today as Iraq from agriculture centers dominating the fertile biblical frontiers of the Tigers and Euphrates Rivers around 4,500 BC.  

The Halaf period 5300 B.C. “named after Tell Halaf in Northern Syria” marks the earliest pottery period of finely painted pieces produce from homes. Painted pottery created a demand for specialist which slowly progressed into trade (Nissen p 45). As populations grew and centralized, townships emerge around local villages creating more complex  social patterns. The rules of social interaction between villages now formed to a consensus of people not of the same decent administrated by group chieftains.

Sudden ecological changes around the third millennium B.C. (Chile Earth Quake 2010 Shifted Earths Axis) created a need for more hectares of farmland for irrigation, and new technologies to irrigate. As sea levels continued to fall less water was accessible to irrigate. The fall in sea level also allowed some river tributaries to dig deeper making irrigation impossible while water courses changed  land locking townships (Nissen p 129). Populations migrated to regional centers which created a demand for a more diverse administration in order to mange growing populations of workers of various skills around
4500 BC.

 http://www.linearism.org/EssayReligousPatterns.html

Lost Civilization Beneath the Persian Gulf

 Lost Civilization May Have Existed Beneath the Persian Gulf

Jeanna Bryner

LiveScience Managing Editor

livescience.com – Fri Dec 10, 7:25 am ET

Veiled beneath the Persian Gulf, a once-fertile landmass may have supported some of the earliest humans outside Africa some 75,000 to 100,000 years ago, a new review of research suggests.

At its peak, the floodplain now below the Gulf would have been about the size of Great Britain, and then shrank as water began to flood the area. Then, about 8,000 years ago, the land would have been swallowed up by the Indian Ocean, the review scientist said.

The study, which is detailed in the December issue of the journal Current Anthropology, has broad implications for aspects of human history. For instance, scientists have debated over when early modern humans exited Africa,with dates as early as 125,000 years ago and as recent as 60,000 years ago (the more recent date is the currently accepted paradigm), according to study researcher Jeffrey Rose, an archaeologist at the University of Birmingham in the U.K.

"I think Jeff's theory is bold and imaginative, and hopefully will shake things up," Robert Carter of Oxford Brooke s University in the U.K. told LiveScience. "It would completely rewrite our understanding of the out-of-Africa migration. It is far from proven, but Jeff and others will be developing research programs to test the theory."

Full Article at the Following Link:

http://news.yahoo.com/s/livescience/20101210/sc_livescience/lostcivilizationmayhaveexistedbeneaththepersiangulf